Computer as
a Tutor
Computer as a Tutor
The computer is one of the wonder of
human ingenuity even in its original design in the 1950’s to carry out
complicated mathematical and logical operations. With the invention of
microcomputer, the PC has become the tool for programmed instruction. Educator
saw much use of the PC. They saw its potential for individualization in
learning.
Computer-assisted Instruction (CAI)
The computer can be tutor in effective
relieving the teacher of many activities in his her/her personal role of
classroom tutor. It should be made clear, however, that the computer cannot
totally replace the teacher since the teacher shall continue to play the major
roles of information deliverer and learning environment controller.
The teacher must:
· Insured the students have the need knowledge and skills for any computer activity.
· Decide the appropriate learning
objectives.
· Plan the sequential and structured
activities to achieve objectives.
· Evaluate the students’ achievement by
ways of tests the specific expected outcomes.
The students in CAI play their own
roles as learners as they:
· Receive information
· Understand instructions for the
computer activity
· Retain in mind the information and
rules for the computer activity.
· Apply the knowledge and rules during
the process of computer learning.
The computer, too, play its role as
it:
· Acts as a dort of tutor
· Provides learning environment
· Delivers learning instruction
· Reinforces learning trough
drill-and-practice.
· Provides feedback.
CAI Integrated with Lessons
CAI works bet in reinforcing learning
through repetitive exercises such that students can practice basic skills or
knowledge in various subject areas. Common types o drill and practice programs
include vocabulary building, math facts, basic sentence, and history or
geography facts.
When and how
can teachers integrate dril and practices programs with their lessons? The
following suggestions can be made:
· Use drill and practice programs for
basic skills and knowledge that require rapid or automatic response by
students.
· Ensure that drill and practice
activities conform to the lesson plan/curriculum.
· Limit drill and practice to 20-30
minutes to avoid boredom.
· Use drill and practice to assists
students with particular weakness in basic skills.
In
integrating computer programs in instruction, we use tutorial software
associated with cognitive learning. While practice exercise or
learning-by-doing is still the heart of each tutorial software should be able
to:
· Teach new content/ new information to
students (in as much as CAI provides practice on old or already learned
content).
· Provide comprehensive information on
concepts addition to practice exercises.
· Can be effectively used for
remediation, reviewing, or enrichment.
· Allow the teacher to introduce
follow-up question to stimulate students learning.
· Permits group activity for cooperate
learning.
Simulations Programs
Simulations software materials are
another kind of software that is constructivist in nature. This simulations
software:
· Teacher strategies and rules applied
to real life problems/situations.
· Asks students to make decisions o
models or scenarios.
· Allow students to manipulate elements
of a model and get the exercise of the effect on their decisions.
Instructional Games
While relation to low-level learning
objectives (e.g. basic spelling or basic math skills), instructional computer
games add the elements of competition and challenge.
Problem Solving Software
These are more sophisticated than the
drill and practice exercises and allow students to learn and improve on their
problem solving ability. Since problem cannot be solved simply by memorizing
facts, the students have to employ higher thinking skills such as logic,
recognition, reflection, and strategy-making.
Multimedia Encyclopedia and
Electronic Books
The Multimedia Encyclopedia can store
a huge database with texts, images,animation, audio and video. Students can
access and desired information, search it vast contents, and even
download/print relevant portions of the data for their composition or
presentation.
Electronic Books
Provides textual information of
learning for reading, supplemented by other types of multimedia information
(sounds, spoken words, pictures animation). These are useful for learning reading,
spelling and words skills.
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